Timeline-Pattern

Timeline-Pattern
Timeline-Pattern
 
[englisch, 'taɪmlaɪn'pætən; wörtlich »Zeitlinienmuster«], ein von dem afrikanischen Musikforscher J. H. Kwabena Nketia eingeführter Begriff, der die in der west- und zentralafrikanischen Musik verbreiteten rhythmischen Formeln bezeichnet, Grundmodelle, die — ständig wiederholt — ein Lied oder Instrumentalstück durchziehen und für Musiker und Tänzer als Bezugspunkt bzw. Orientierungsgröße dienen. Arthur M. Jones (1889-1962) hat in den Dreißigerjahren als Erster diese Strukturen erkannt und notiert. Timeline-Patterns setzen sich aus Schlägen (x) und Pausen (∙ ) zusammen, die sich über einem gleichmäßigen Puls (»Elementarpulsation«) verteilen, z. B.
 
||:x ∙ x ∙ xx ∙ x ∙ xx ∙ :||
 
Diese Rhythmen, die regional abweichend mit Sprechsilben überliefert und gelehrt werden, schlägt man meist auf hellen, durchdringenden Perkussionsinstrumenten. Sie sind auch in lateinamerikanischer Folklore zu finden, insbesondere in Kuba und Brasilien. Ein bekanntes Timeline-Pattern ist der Clave-Beat.

Universal-Lexikon. 2012.

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